Depression

Depression is a very common illness - many people feel down at some time but recognizing depression is not simple. It can manifest itself in many different ways and there is no differentiation between age, sex, race, or income. Depression may develop for a range of reasons and can seriously disrupt people's lives.

The symptoms of depression can differ greatly, but people with depression suffer low moods and lose interest and enjoyment in aspects of life. This is often more noticeable to the patient's friends and family than to themselves. Behaviourally this can mean changes in weight and appetite, fatigue, lack of interest in sex, irritability, anxiety and confusion. Physically, patients can complain of a variety of conditions like back pain, headaches and giddiness. The apathy which accompanies depression often stops sufferers from seeking help.

Depression may be triggered by major life events such as the death of a relative or friend. Stressful situations such as divorce, financial difficulties or job loss can also trigger depression. Depression can sometimes be caused by a person's lifestyle. Childbirth can also trigger post-natal depression in women, as can loneliness, especially in the elderly.

Over the past 20 years, scientists have been investigating the way in which some chemicals in the brain affect a person's mood. These chemicals include serotonin, noradrenaline and dopamine - depressed people are often found to have low levels of one or more of these chemicals in their brains.